PHILIPPIANS

“REJOICE IN THE LORD”

BY MANLY LUSCOMBE

MAY, 2024

REJOICE IN THE LORD

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

           The following is from an introduction to a study of Philippians by Michael Hall. He introduces the book with these words:

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          There are dark clouds upon the horizon of our age which threatens our victory and joy in Christ. Clouds of despair, loneliness, inflation, divorce, crime, frustration, and meaninglessness which hover over our lives and blot out all light and life! Unhappiness is rampant. Our society is miserable, though it runs madly after happiness and fun. Beneath all the facade of prosperity and outward gaiety, there is a prevailing sense of frustration. Yet this sad situation is climaxed tragically by children of God who have imbibed this spirit of defeat, disgust, distress, and deplorable despair! They doubt their Christian experience. They are insecure in their hope for eternal life. They question their fellowship with Christ. Our need, then, if for a joyous victory!!

          How we need the revival of a joyous, conquering church! For it's very evident that spiritual depression doesn't recommend our precious faith to an already depressed, defeated, and degenerated world. Certainly, the exuberant joy of the early Christians was a potent factor in their phenomenal growth and power!

          Philippians is a book of joy and victory. There we realize that victory and joy springs from a steadfast faith in Jesus, a deep love and sweet unity with each other, an unshakable peace with God and the mighty power of Christ working in us! There is joyous victory in suffering (ch. 1) in service (ch. 2) in Christ (ch. 3) and over our problems (ch. 4). Philippians is a book which breathes the rare perfume of Christian joy and peace in the midst of dark, gloomy clouds of suffering. And its preciousness is climaxed by its writer --- a chained prisoner under the shameless tyranny and ungodly dictator of Rome, who found joyous victory even there.

          So read, meditate, study, ponder and prayerfully imbibe the principles in this very powerful and revealing book. The book is addressed to those who were already achieving a very high level of Christian experience. It has a depth of spiritual awareness, a real intimacy with Jesus Christ, and a picture of the victorious life in Christ. There are constant exhortations to joy, love, unity, peace and Christian maturity. And what could be more needed in this day of materialism and over-involvement with the affairs of this life than a clear vision of our LORD?

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          To all of the above, I add a hearty AMEN and AMEN! Christians ought to be the happiest people on earth. We are saved, cleansed from sin, headed for heaven. We are "children of the King." Why is there so much depression, despair, frustration and gloom in the lives of God's people?

BACKGROUND MATTERS

 1. Origin of the Church at Philippi.

          The establishment of the church in Philippi served as the entrance of the gospel into Europe. Philippi was established by Philip of Macedon in 360 BC. When it became part of the Roman Empire in 168 BC it became the capital for this region.

          The book of Acts details two conversions in Phillipi. Lydia was first converted (Acts 16:12-15). Then the jailer was baptized (Acts 16:25-34)

2. Date and Place of Writing.

          This is one of a group of letters of Paul known as the prison epistles. It is clear that Paul was in "bonds" when he wrote this letter. The letter was probably written from Rome because:

                    A. Paul was a prisoner - 1:7, 13, 14, 16.

                    B. His imprisonment was serious - 1:20, 1:30, 2:17.

                    C. He sends greetings from Caesar's house - 4:22.

3. Authenticity and Unity.

          There is little dispute about the authenticity of Philippians. It is genuinely Paul's style of writing. The book does not divide itself into spiritual and practical matters like the books of Galatians, Ephesians, and Colossians. But, this letter is written when Paul a prisoner, He seeks to cheer, comfort and encourage rather than deal with the issues of the day.

4. Occasion and Purpose.

          Paul's plans for the future are on hold. He is in prison and does not know if he will ever be released. He realizes that he may die in prison or be killed. He desires to encourage and console the church with words of reassurance and cheer.

          He also wanted to warn them of the Judaizers. He calls them "dogs" and "evil workers" (3:2). Paul urges them to be aware and alert.

5. Features of the Letter.

          The key theme of this letter is JOY. Paul wants to cheer them with news of Timothy and Epaphroditus. He speaks in positive terms of his own situation. He rejoices in the midst of adversity.

           NOTE: There are all kinds of churches. Every preacher of several years in the ministry can talk about their "Corinth" church with all kinds of problems. They can also remember their "Philippi" church with few problems. Some congregations require much work, patience, and firm preaching. Others have few problems and the primary task is to encourage them to "KEEP ON KEEPING ON."

OUTLINE

           Several outlines are offered in various commentaries. The one that I prefer comes from the book, Be Joyful, by Warren Wiersbe.

          KEY THEME:          THE JOY OF THE LORD

          KEY VERSE:             PHILIPPIANS 3:1

1. THE SINGLE MIND              Chapter 1

          A. The Fellowship of the Gospel                          1:1-11

          B. The Furtherance of the                                       1:12-26

          C. The Faith of the Gospel                                   1:27-30

2. THE SUBMISSIVE MIND                Chapter 2

          A. The Example of Christ                                     2:1-11

          B. The Example of Paul                                       2:12-18

          C. The Example of Timothy                                 2:19-24

          D. The Example of Epaphroditus                         2:25-30

3. THE SPIRITUAL MIND        Chapter 3

          A. Paul's Past (The Accountant - "I Count")       3:1-11

          B. Paul's Present (The Athlete - "I Press")         3:12-16

          C. Paul's Future (The Alien - "I look")                 3:17-21

4. THE SECURE MIND              Chapter 4

          A. God's Peace                                                  4:1-9

          B. God's Power                                                  4:10-13

          C. God's Provision                                           4:14-23

           It is my hope and prayer that you will study this book with a very personal view. At each verse, we must learn to ask, "What is God saying to me in this passage?" Before we can apply the teachings of God to others, it is a requirement that they become a part of our own lives.

          We will never (I said, "NEVER!") convert the world, which is lost in despair, to the blessings of Christianity until they see those blessings in our lives. Joy is feasible. Peace is possible. Contentment is conceivable. Victory is ours. Fellowship in the gospel is workable. Real, genuine joyous victory in Christ is attainable!

Chapter 1

THE SINGLE MIND

THE FELLOWSHIP OF THE GOSPEL           1:1-11

 (Php 1:1)  Paul and Timothy, bondservants of Jesus Christ, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:

1.   Paul and Timothy – Most letters would begin with identifying the person the letter is from.

2.   We know about Paul – His Jewish background; his persecution of Christians; his conversion; his mission trips; his imprisonments; and the end of his life in a Roman prison.

3.   We know less about Timothy – Timothy is with Paul in Rome. Timothy, and his mother and grandmother, were converted on Paul’s first mission trip. At the beginning of the second mission trip, Paul added Timothy to the group.

4.   To all the saints – Saints were not “Super Christians.” They were Christians who were devoted to Christ and the church.

5.   At Philippi – The first church established in Europe.

6.   Bishops – There are three terms for an office of leadership in each congregation – Elder, Bishop, and Pastor. Each term describes an aspect of the work of these leaders.

a.   Elder – simply means older, and thus, mature and with wisdom.

b.   Bishop – similar to foreman. The Greek were is defined as “one who sees to it that the work done by others is done correctly.”

c.    Pastor – is related to a Shepherd. This word describes one who feeds and cares for the flock.

7.   Deacons – God also wanted Deacons to be servants of the local congregation.

8.   Bishops and Deacons – These two words show the organization of the local congregation. There is no higher structure than the local congregation, except Christ, as head of the church.

(Php 1:2)  Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

1.   Grace and peace – were often expressed in writing, and as an oral greeting.

2.   Paul includes both “God our Father” and “Lord Jesus Christ.”

(Php 1:3)  I thank my God upon every remembrance of you,

1.   When you are reminded of friends you have known, and the time you spent together with them, your mind is flooded with all the good memories. We treasure our memories with long-time friends.

(Php 1:4)  always in every prayer of mine making request for you all with joy,

1.   The Christians at Phillipi are constantly on his mind.

2.   He is also continually praying for them.

3.   His request – Joy. As you will notice, JOY is an important theme in this letter.

(Php 1:5)  for your fellowship in the gospel from the first day until now,

1.   Paul appreciated their continued partnership in his work.

2.   Today – Fellowship often means we eat together. One preacher told me, “When I hear fellowship, I smell the coffee.”

3.   Fellowship is more that eating together. Fellowship means “joint participation.” When we work together in some endeavor, we are in fellowship. We are participating together in some activity or event.

4.   From the first day until now – Their support of Paul began quickly after he started the church there. And that support continues without any interruption.

(Php 1:6)  being confident of this very thing, that He who has begun a good work in you will complete it until the day of Jesus Christ;

1.   Confident – The association with Phillippi has been long, steady and dependable. Paul is confident that such a strong and lasting relationship will continue in the years to come.

2.   This church seems to be stronger than some others. They had fewer problems. They were faithful in their support of Paul.

3.   Paul prays that they will continue this way until Jesus comes again.

(Php 1:7)  just as it is right for me to think this of you all, because I have you in my heart, inasmuch as both in my chains and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers with me of grace.

1.   I have you in my heart – They are on his mind and heart because of their continued support and encouragement. They are in his heart because of his current situation.

a.   He is in chains – Paul was in prison, most likely in Rome.

b.   He is suffering because of the defense and confirmation of the gospel.

c.    This church has been his partner in his mission work.

(Php 1:8)  For God is my witness, how greatly I long for you all with the affection of Jesus Christ.

1.   God is my witness – God knows the heart of Paul. God is aware of his strong desire and love for this church.

2.   Words are not enough for Paul to express how often he thinks about this church. There is a real longing and desire to see this church grow in their love of Jesus.

3.   Prison prevents him being there in person.

(Php 1:9)  And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in knowledge and all discernment,

1.   Paul remembers them. He appreciates them. He is confident they will grow in faith. He also prays for them.

2.   He does not pray for number growth. He prays that they will greatly increase in knowledge and discernment.

3.   Discernment (judgment – KJV) – We might say, “common sense.” Barnes explains, “The word here means, the power of discerning; and the meaning is, that he wished that they love should be exercised with proper discrimination.”

(Php 1:10)  that you may approve the things that are excellent, that you may be sincere and without offense till the day of Christ,

1.   Approve – The word here is from the idea of a trial like metal that is exposed to heat to make it stronger. It is often translated “try”, “test”, or “approve worthy.”

2.   Sincere – Translated “pure’ in 2 Peter 3:1; sincerity in other places.

(Php 1:11)  being filled with the fruits of righteousness which are by Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God.

1.   Fruit of righteousness – The results seen in our life. Fruits like honesty, truth, love, kindness, meekness and goodness.

THE FURTHERANCE OF THE GOSPEL                            1:12-26

(Php 1:12)  But I want you to know, brethren, that the things which happened to me have actually turned out for the furtherance of the gospel,

1.   Good can come out of tragedy. Even though Paul is in prison and facing death, there is some news that give him comfort.

2.   Above his personal problem of being in prison, he is glad to see many are becoming bolder to preach the Gospel.

3.   Like throwing water on a grease fire, all that happens is the fire is spread.

(Php 1:13)  so that it has become evident to the whole palace guard, and to all the rest, that my chains are in Christ;

1.   Even some in the palace in Rome have taken notice of Paul.

2.   His faith and positive outlook are clear to all the jailers who are there to guard him.

(Php 1:14)  and most of the brethren in the Lord, having become confident by my chains, are much more bold to speak the word without fear.

1.   Boldness is now evident. Many are willing to stand up and speak out.

2.   If Paul can be in prison with faith and hope and have a positive attitude toward life, others can be confident to preach the word.

3.   “If God is for us, who can be against us?” (Romans 8:31) If Paul is not afraid of what he is facing, how can we be fearful?

(Php 1:15)  Some indeed preach Christ even from envy and strife, and some also from goodwill:

1.   Paul realizes that some have the wrong motive, but even with an improper motive, some will believe and become Christians.

2.   Some preach with envy. Some are preaching to cause strife. AND some are preaching with good and pure motives.

(Php 1:16)  The former preach Christ from selfish ambition, not sincerely, supposing to add affliction to my chains;

1.   Even today, some preach out of selfish ambition – fame, power, and money may be their desire.

2.   Some may be thinking that preaching with a wrong motive will make Paul’s suffering more painful.

(Php 1:17)  but the latter out of love, knowing that I am appointed for the defense of the gospel.

1.   But some are preaching out of a love of Christ, love of the gospel, love for the lost, and love for the church.

2.   Defense of the gospel – The Greek word here means to give a reasoned statement or argument. We must be the ones who stand up and present a reasoned argument for Christ and the Bible.

(Php 1:18)  What then? Only that in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is preached; and in this I rejoice, yes, and will rejoice.

1.   Either way – Christ is preached. While Paul is not glad there are some preaching with wrong motives, he is glad that even with their selfish motives, Christ is preached.

2.   Paul rejoices that Christ is being preached. Even those with false motives will reach some and convert them to Christ.

(Php 1:19)  For I know that this will turn out for my deliverance through your prayer and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ,

1.   What would you be thinking? Arrested, in federal prison, falsely accused, and no hope of getting out.

2.   “This will turn out for my deliverance.” Paul it will work together for his good. (Romans 8:28)

3.   How can this very dangerous situation turn out for good? The answer indicates two things:

a.   Through prayer.

b.   The supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ.

(Php 1:20)  according to my earnest expectation and hope that in nothing I shall be ashamed, but with all boldness, as always, so now also Christ will be magnified in my body, whether by life or by death.

1.   Paul has high hopes and expectation. Hope has two prongs – desire and expectation.

a.   Desire without expectation = a dream, a wish

b.   Expectation without desire = fear, dread

c.    Hope is BOTH desire and expectation.

2.   Boldness is courage, free and fearless confidence. Boldness leads to words or action.

(Php 1:21)  For to me, to live is Christ, and to die is gain.

1.   To live is Christ – Our sole aim in living is to glorify Christ. He is why we are persecuted. As long as we remain alive – we must live for Christ.

2.   To die is gain – Paul has a positive attitude. To die, for the faithful Christian, is not dread or fear. Death is gain.

(Php 1:22)  But if I live on in the flesh, this will mean fruit from my labor; yet what I shall choose I cannot tell.

1.   Keep living / Keep teaching, preaching and living for Christ. Your work for Christ will result in fruit of your labor.

2.   Paul sees the advantages to both. Live – advantage Christ. Die – personal advantage.

(Php 1:23)  For I am hard-pressed between the two, having a desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better.

1.   It is good for the cause of Christ to remain alive and keep teaching.

2.   It is better, not FAR BETTER, to leave this life and be with Christ.

3.   Paul does not have a “death wish.” He just sees the greater personal advantage to leaving this life and this world. It is far better to be with Christ for eternity.

(Php 1:24)  Nevertheless to remain in the flesh is more needful for you.

1.   His desire to be with Jesus does not prevent him from seeing the urgent need to keep working.

(Php 1:25)  And being confident of this, I know that I shall remain and continue with you all for your progress and joy of faith,

1.   Again, Paul expresses his confidence that good will come from his personal suffering and hardship.

2.   Good will come from his pain. He can see their:

a.   Progress – They are growing in knowledge.

b.   Joy  - The joy of these believers demonstrates their faith.

(Php 1:26)  that your rejoicing for me may be more abundant in Jesus Christ by my coming to you again.

1.   Their joy will be even greater if Paul is able to come visit them.

2.   Paul would have no greater joy than visiting them.

THE FAITH OF THE GOSPEL                             1:27-30

(Php 1:27)  Only let your conduct be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of your affairs, that you stand fast in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel,

1.   Conduct – Conversation (KJV) – This word is not just about how we talk to one another. This word means “to conduct one’s life as pledged to some law of life.” (Thayer)

2.   How you live you life must demonstrate your faith in Christ.

3.   If Paul is able to come visit them OR it he is not ever released from prison: Either way Paul wants to keep up with the news and how they are remaining strong.

(Php 1:28)  and not in any way terrified by your adversaries, which is to them a proof of perdition, but to you of salvation, and that from God.

1.   Do not be afraid. There are enemies of Christ. There are enemies of the church. There are some who do not want the gospel preached.

2.   Your salvation is from God, not from wicked men.

(Php 1:29)  For to you it has been granted on behalf of Christ, not only to believe in Him, but also to suffer for His sake,

1.   You are special. You have been granted special gifts:

a.   To believe in Christ

b.   To suffer for His sake

(Php 1:30)  having the same conflict which you saw in me and now hear is in me.

1.   Christians everywhere must deal with the same conflict that Paul has expressed in verse 23.

Chapter 2

THE SUBMISSIVE MIND

THE EXAMPLE OF CHRIST                         2:1-11

(Php 2:1)  Therefore if there is any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and mercy,

1.   The “if”s in this verse are not to cast doubt or question.

2.   There are four “IF” phrases here:

a.   Any consolation in Christ – The idea is that Christ calls us to His side by doing His will.

b.   Any comfort of love – God comforts us in time of affliction

c.    Any fellowship of the Spirit – we have the support of the Spirit

d.   Any affection and mercy – God shows us His tender compassion

(Php 2:2)  fulfill my joy by being like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.

1.   Here are some ways you can help Paul in prison:

a.   Be like-minded – Christians should think alike on spiritual matters

b.   Have the same love – Love Christ as He first loved us

c.    Be of one accord – Work together for a common purpose

d.   Be of one mind – In spiritual matters, we should think alike

(Php 2:3)  Let nothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit, but in lowliness of mind let each esteem others better than himself.

1.   On the negative side – Do nothing through:

a.   Selfish ambition – Don’t cause strife, contention, personal opinion

b.   Conceit – Empty or vain glory

2.   On the positive side – Let each:

a.   Have lowliness of mind – Be humble

b.   Esteem others better the yourself – Put others first

(Php 2:4)  Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others.

c.    Look for the interests of others – care about what others are concerned about or dealing with

(Php 2:5)  Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus,

1.   We must learn to think like Christ thought.

2.   We must learn to reply to criticism as Jesus did.

3.   We must learn to control our temper like the Son of God.

4.   We must learn to respond difficulty like Christ did.

(Php 2:6)  who, being in the form of God, did not consider it robbery to be equal with God,

1.   Jesus was equal with God. He was there from the beginning of creation. Nothing was created without Christ. Jesus became God, in the flesh.

2.   In every way, Jesus, before Bethlehem, God.

3.   Remember – “God” is a generic term that applies to the Father, the Son, ad the Holy Spirit. All are called God in the Bible.

(Php 2:7)  but made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of men.

1.   Jesus was willing to give up that position of power, might and control.

2.   He did not come to earth as a King or a millionaire.

3.   He took on human form and limitation.

4.   Our Master became a servant.

(Php 2:8)  And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross.

1.   He became human in every way. He learned to eat, walk,  and talk.

2.   He also (as an eternal being) became subject to death.

3.   It was a painful, cruel, and excruciating death on the cross.

(Php 2:9)  Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name,

1.   He is now back in Heaven. His mission was accomplished.

2.   He is now exalted as King over His kingdom, the church.

3.   His name is known and respected over all other men in history..

(Php 2:10)  that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth,

1.   The respect for the name of Jesus should send us to our knees.

2.   At the name of Jesus all mankind will, one day, bow down and confess.

(Php 2:11)  and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

1.   There will come a time  when every tongue will confess that Christ is Lord.

2.   We have a choice. Confess His name now OR confess His name at the judgment.

THE EXAMPLE OF PAUL                 2:12-18

(Php 2:12)  Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling;

1.   Adam Clarke wrote, “Continue to act on the same principles and from the same motives; having the same disposition which was in Christ; laboring so as to promote his glory.”

2.   Do we behave ONLY when a policeman is watching? If Paul was here, what would you do differently?

3.   Do the same, live the same, act the same, talk the same – If Paul is present or absent; if a policeman is present or absent; if your family is present or absent - - - Because God is ALWAYS present.

4.   Work out your won salvation – “The Philippian church will not always have Paul available to them in person. It is very important that they be able to take care of themselves. It is necessary that they keep on working to complete their salvation!!! They do this by imitating the attitude and obedience which Christ demonstrated. Johnson says: “While Christ is our Savior, and the author of our salvation, we must accept him and work together with him . . . Unless we do our part Christ cannot save us.” We must reach out through faith to seize Christ, and then continue to hold firmly to him!” (Rhoderick D. Ice)

(Php 2:13)  for it is God who works in you both to will and to do for His good pleasure.

1.   Salvation is from God. It is a gift from God.

2.   However, God wants us to will (wants to) and to do God’s pleasure.

3.   Some think salvation is all up to us – Faith, Repentance, Baptism.

4.   Others teach that salvation is all up to God – His love, Death of Christ, Forgiveness, Grace, Mercy.

5.   The truth is a combination of both – Salvation is clearly a gift from God. We cannot by our own work or merit. But, to receive this free gift, there are some conditions, requirement that must be followed.

6.   Example: On our children’s birthday, they could go out to eat any restaurant of their choice. They had to choose. We would give them a gift – free, no strings attached – however, they had to open it.
Their choosing a place to eat or their opening a present does not EARN them the meal or the gift.

7.   This illustrates our Salvation. It is a free gift from God. God requires that we want to obey His command, and that we do what pleases Him.

(Php 2:14)  Do all things without complaining and disputing,

1.   Barnes says it well. “ In a quiet, peaceful, inoffensive manner. Let there be no brawls, strifes, or contentions.”

2.   John Gill expands in this idea. “Do all things,.... Not evil things, these are to be abhorred, shunned, and avoided, even all appearance of them, they are not to be done, even the sake of good; nor all indifferent things at all times, and under all circumstances, when the peace and edification of others are in danger of being hurt by so doing; but all good things, all that are agreeable to the righteous law and good will of God; all those good things which accompany salvation, as hearing the word, and attendance on ordinances: all church affairs relating to public worship, private conference, everything at church meetings, and which concern the discipline and laws of Christ's house; and all things that are civilly, morally, spiritually, and evangelically good; even all things that God would have done, or we would desire should be done to us by fellow creatures and fellow Christians.”

3.   How often are we guilty of complaining or disputing?

(Php 2:15)  that you may become blameless and harmless, children of God without fault in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world,

1.   We live in a – 1) crooked world; 2) a perverse generation

2.   We should be – 1) blameless; 2) harmless; 3) children of God; 4) without fault; 5) shine as lights in the world.

(Php 2:16)  holding fast the word of life, so that I may rejoice in the day of Christ that I have not run in vain or labored in vain.

        6) hold fast the word of life; 7) rejoice in the day of Christ

        1. If we live by these principles, we will:

                a) not live your life in vain

                b) not labor for the Lord in vain

(Php 2:17)  Yes, and if I am being poured out as a drink offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all.

1.   The paragraph started with Paul “present or absent.”

2.   He knows that “absent” is a real possibility.

a.   His life is, as it were, already being poured out.

b.   His death would be an offering and a sacrifice.

3.   In spite of his situation, He rejoices for this church and their faith.

(Php 2:18)  For the same reason you also be glad and rejoice with me.

1.   Paul asks them to also rejoice him.

2.   Whatever happens, we should rejoice, because God is in charge, it will work out for our salvation.

THE EXAMPLE OF TIMOTHY                          2:19-24

(Php 2:19)  But I trust in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you shortly, that I also may be encouraged when I know your state.

(Php 2:20)  For I have no one like-minded, who will sincerely care for your state.

(Php 2:21)  For all seek their own, not the things which are of Christ Jesus.

(Php 2:22)  But you know his proven character, that as a son with his father he served with me in the gospel.

(Php 2:23)  Therefore I hope to send him at once, as soon as I see how it goes with me.

(Php 2:24)  But I trust in the Lord that I myself shall also come shortly.

THE EXAMPLE OF EPAPHRODITUS      2:26-30

(Php 2:25)  Yet I considered it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus, my brother, fellow worker, and fellow soldier, but your messenger and the one who ministered to my need;

1.   We know little about this man, Epaphroditus. He is not mentioned anywhere else in the New Testament.

2.   He is mentioned here and in 4:18.

3.   Paul describes him as:

a.   Brother

b.   Fellow worker

c.    Fellow soldier

d.   Your messenger

e.   One who ministered to my needs

(Php 2:26)  since he was longing for you all, and was distressed because you had heard that he was sick.

1.   It is clear that Epaphroditus was well known by the church at Philippi.

2.   He was concerned because news had reached them that he was sick.

(Php 2:27)  For indeed he was sick almost unto death; but God had mercy on him, and not only on him but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow.

1.   Paul confirms that he was sick. He was very sick, almost to the point of death.

2.   Here is the good news. Prayers were answered. God healed him and he is no longer at the point of death.

(Php 2:28)  Therefore I sent him the more eagerly, that when you see him again you may rejoice, and I may be less sorrowful.

1.   In fact, he is able to travel to Phillipi and you can see for yourself that he has recovered. You can rejoice when he arrives.

2.   Paul will be “less sorrowful” when he knows that the Philippian Christians can rejoice with the good news.

(Php 2:29)  Receive him therefore in the Lord with all gladness, and hold such men in esteem;

1.   When he arrives, treat him as a special, honored guest. Rejoice with him in his recovery.

2.   Hold such men in esteem. Thayer explains that this word means “held in honor, prized, precious.” The KJV uses the word “reputation.”

(Php 2:30)  because for the work of Christ he came close to death, not regarding his life, to supply what was lacking in your service toward me.

1.   It was because of his dedication to the work of Christ, that he almost died. He was so committed to the work, that his own life was not his first concern.

2.   His focus was to help what Paul needed. Phillipi had helped greatly. Epaphroditus was helping Paul in ways that the churches who supported him could not.

Chapter 3

THE SPIRITUAL MIND

PAUL’S PAST (ACCOUNTANT – “I COUNT”)           3:1-11

 (Php 3:1)  Finally, my brethren, rejoice in the Lord. For me to write the same things to you is not tedious, but for you it is safe.

1.   Christians should rejoice.

a.   We should rejoice that we have a Savior, Jesus Christ.

b.   We should rejoice that we have forgiveness and redemption.

c.    We should rejoice that we have hope of resurrection and eternal life with Christ in Heaven.

2.   Paul is writing the same message as he gave in person when he was present with them. It is the same message that he has given to other churches and Christians.

3.   Problems? Yes. Persecution? Yes. But, these are temporary, in this life. Salvation and eternal life are our reasons to rejoice in the middle of all of the issues we face in this life.

(Php 3:2)  Beware of dogs, beware of evil workers, beware of the mutilation!

1.   There are some issues that we need to understand about dogs in the first century and before.

a.   Dogs were not domesticated. They were without owners. They wandered the streets and fields, looking for food. They even ate the flesh of dead animals.

b.   In the Jewish mind, dogs were unclean animals.

c.    The term “dogs” was often used to refer to unbelievers and  pagans.

d.   It often was used “to denote a person that is shameless, imprudent, malignant, snarling, dissatisfied, and contentious.” (Barnes Commentary)

2.   Evil workers refers to the same people as the “dogs” mentioned above.

a.   These evil workers are the Jewish teachers, who insisted on keeping the Law of Moses. They rejected the idea that it had been nailed to the cross.

b.   Their teachings ignored and set aside the doctrine of salvation that Paul was preaching.

3.   The Mutilation is, literally, the cutting off, a mutilation. It is a contrast of the circumcision of the law vs. the true circumcision.

(Php 3:3)  For we are the circumcision, who worship God in the Spirit, rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh,

1.   Circumcision – There is a contrast between the circumcision of the flesh and the circumcision of the Spirit of God.

2.   Worship God in the Spirit – Study Jesus statement in John 4:24.

3.   Rejoice in Christ Jesus – Christians are to rejoice in our salvation, our forgiveness, and our relationship with Christ.

4.   No confidence in the flesh – The Jews were placing their confidence and faith in the flesh, rather than the Spirit.

(Php 3:4)  though I also might have confidence in the flesh. If anyone else thinks he may have confidence in the flesh, I more so:

1.   If anyone might have a right to have confidence in the flesh, it would be Paul. His record before his conversion was strongly Jewish.

2.   He had every reason to have confidence in his flesh – He had the blood line, the heritage, and the history.

(Php 3:5)  circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee;

1.   To prove the assertion in the previous verse, He list the things for which he could boast.

a.   Circumcised the 8th day – as the Law commanded.

b.   Blood line of Israel

c.    Tribe of Benjamin

d.   A Hebrew – in the lineage of Abraham

e.   A Pharisee – strict sect of Jews

(Php 3:6)  concerning zeal, persecuting the church; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, blameless.

2.   Continued from previous verse:

f.     Zeal was beyond question

g.   Persecuted the church

                                         i.    Involved in the death of Stephen

                                       ii.    Ready to arrest Christians in Damascus

h.   Blameless concerning the righteousness of the law

(Php 3:7)  But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ.

1.   With all of these things to “boast” about – They are of no value for Christ.

2.   Paul now considers the items in the list above, as a total loss. They have no value in Christ.

(Php 3:8)  Yet indeed I also count all things loss for the excellence of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them as rubbish, that I may gain Christ

1.   In his past, heritage and DNA – Paul had much about which to consider gain. Now, these same things become a loss. They are now of no value. What value they had is now gone. They are now a total loss.

2.   Compared to the gain in Christ – Paul suffered the loss (realized there was no value) in the matters he used to think were of value.

3.   The things that used to be of great value are now:

a.   Loss of all things

b.   Count the as rubbish

4.   On the other hand:

a.   He gains Christ

(Php 3:9)  and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith;

b.   He is in Christ

c.    His righteousness is in Christ

d.   His righteousness is from God

e.   His righteousness is by faith

(Php 3:10)  that I may know Him and the power of His resurrection, and the fellowship of His sufferings, being conformed to His death,

f.     Know the power of His resurrection

g.   Know the fellowship of His sufferings

h.   Conformed to His death

                                         i.    In all things, Paul sought to be like Christ

                                       ii.    Live as Christ lived

                                      iii.    Serve the will of God as Christ did

                                      iv.    Die as Christ died

(Php 3:11)  if, by any means, I may attain to the resurrection from the dead.

1.   Nothing else really matters if we fail to be raised from the dead to live with Christ in His Eternal Kingdom.

2.   This is not just about resurrection. It is about resurrection to life with God for eternity.

PAUL’S PRESENT (ATHLETE – “I PRESS ON”)            3:12-16

(Php 3:12)  Not that I have already attained, or am already perfected; but I press on, that I may lay hold of that for which Christ Jesus has also laid hold of me.

1.   In the previous section, Paul uses terms of an accountant. What is a loss. What is a gain. Reach the bottom line.

2.   Now he uses another way to describe his life in Christ.

3.   He now uses terms of an athlete.

4.   Every athlete must have some goals.

a.   Too tired? Keep going.

b.   Muscles hurt? Press forward.

c.    Not at the finish line? Keep heading toward the goal.

(Php 3:13)  Brethren, I do not count myself to have apprehended; but one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind and reaching forward to those things which are ahead,

1.   We have not reached the ultimate goal, when baptized, attend worship, pray, give, or sing.

2.   The final goal is still ahead. We have not crossed the finish line.

3.   Winning a race does not depend an how far you have come.

4.   Winning a race requires us to cross the finish line.

5.   Forget the past –

a.   This is difficult for all of us.

b.   Proud of our past? So was Paul.

c.    Not proud of our past? We have been forgiven. We must let go.

6.   Reach forward –

a.   The goal is still ahead of us.

b.   Don’t give up now. Keep you eye an what is ahead, not on what is behind.

(Php 3:14)  I press toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus.

1.   Thirsty? Press on to the goal.

2.   Tired? Painful muscle cramps? Keep going.

3.   Ready to quit, give up? The goal is just ahead. Keep going.

4.   Don’t quit until you reach the prize.

(Php 3:15)  Therefore let us, as many as are mature, have this mind; and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal even this to you.

1.   Where is your mindset? Are you ready to give up? Ready to quit? Thinking you can’t go on? Ready to throw in the towel?

2.   Are you a mature thinker? If you are mature in your thinking you will think like Christ thought. He did not quit. He did not give up. He went all the way to the cross for us. How can we do less?

3.   If your thinking is anything else – God will show you His will.

a.   Some are ready to give up and die. But they are still alive as God gives them more time to repent.

b.   Some are thinking, “What’s the use?” God shows them a reason to keep on going.

(Php 3:16)  Nevertheless, to the degree that we have already attained, let us walk by the same rule, let us be of the same mind.

1.   We have run this far. Don’t quit now. We have already attained much in our relation to Christ.

a.   We believed, turned away from sin, confessed our faith and were baptized into Christ.

b.   We worship Christ. We sing praise to Christ.

c.    We have come a long way from our life in sin.

2.   This is not the time to give up.

3.   Keep the same mind that Christ had as He headed to the cross.

4.   Our challenge is to think like Christ thought.

PAUL’S FUTURE (ALIEN – “I WAIT”)               3:17-21

(Php 3:17)  Brethren, join in following my example, and note those who so walk, as you have us for a pattern.

1.   Join Paul by following his example. Just as we follow Christ, we can also follow the example of those who follow Christ.

2.   Pay attention to those who do what is right.

a.   We often focus on those who do wrong and condemn them.

b.   We should keep our focus on who is doing right.

3.   Paul has set a pattern of life. Think about building or making something.

a.   Get the pattern. Follow the pattern.

b.   You can have the same reward if you follow the same pattern.

c.    Paul is our pattern. Follow it, as he followed Christ.

(Php 3:18)  For many walk, of whom I have told you often, and now tell you even weeping, that they are the enemies of the cross of Christ:

1.   How are you walking? Some are not walking as Christ walked.

2.   Paul expresses his deep sorrow for those whom he taught, but left the faith.

3.   Those who leave the faith become the enemies of the cross of Christ.

(Php 3:19)  whose end is destruction, whose god is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame—who set their mind on earthly things.

4.   Their ultimate end is destruction.

5.   They worship fleshly appetites.

6.   They have glory in things for which they should be ashamed.

7.   Their mind is set on earthly (fleshly) things.

(Php 3:20)  For our citizenship is in heaven, from which we also eagerly wait for the Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ,

1.   Here on earth, we are aliens. We are strangers.

2.   We belong to another kingdom.

3.   Our citizenship is in heaven.

4.   We are anxious to go home, to be back where we belong.

5.   HOW EAGER ARE YOU FOR THIS LIFE TO END?

6.   Are you ready for Christ to return and take you home with Him?

7.   Are you more focused on this life?

8.   Are you trying to get more and to keep more?

9.   Is your life focused on being able to live here on planet earth?

10.                WHERE IS YOUR SPIRITUAL PASSPORT?

(Php 3:21)  who will transform our lowly body that it may be conformed to His glorious body, according to the working by which He is able even to subdue all things to Himself.

1.   As a citizen of Christ’s kingdom in heaven, there will be some changes that will take place.

a.   Transform our body – This earthly body of flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of heaven. (1 Corinthians 15:50)

b.   This body will be changed. (1 Corinthians 15:51)

c.    A glorious body – This will be a body without disease, pain, sorrow, tears, or death. (Revelation 21:4)

d.   Conquer all things – There will be ultimate and complete victory. All the issues in this life will be under our control. The word “subdue” means to have under “control, submission, be under subjection to” (Thayer)

 Chapter 4

THE SECURE MIND

GOD’S PEACE                              4:1-9

(Php 4:1)  Therefore, my beloved and longed-for brethren, my joy and crown, so stand fast in the Lord, beloved.

1.   This is Paul’s love letter to the church. Notice the terms used.

a.   My beloved

b.   Longed for brethren

c.    My joy

d.   My crown

e.   Beloved

2.   In the middle of all those terms of love and appreciation is the plea for them to “stand fast in the Lord.”

(Php 4:2)  I implore Euodia and I implore Syntyche to be of the same mind in the Lord.

1.   B. W. Johnson (People’s New Testament with Notes) says, “ Two good women of Philippi, who had apparently been estranged. Women were prominent in the founding of the Philippian church; Lydia was the first convert, and her house was a home of the missionaries. Observe the repetition of the word "beseech." It gives it special emphasis.”

2.   Albert Barnes writes, “ All that is known is, that there was some disagreement between them, and the apostle entreats them to be reconciled to each other.”

(Php 4:3)  And I urge you also, true companion, help these women who labored with me in the gospel, with Clement also, and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the Book of Life.

1.   To the rest of the church – Help these women. They had labored with Paul and Clement.

2.   They also helped all the other workers who came to Philippi.

3.   Book of Life – This phrase is used often for the record God keeps of those who are faithful. See Revelation 3:5; 20:12; 20:15.

(Php 4:4)  Rejoice in the Lord always. Again I will say, rejoice!

1.   The theme of the letter is about our ability to rejoice in the Lord.

2.   Always rejoice – For the Christian, there is never a time that we are not able to rejoice.

(Php 4:5)  Let your gentleness be known to all men. The Lord is at hand.

1.   Let others see and observe your gentle spirit. Let them notice how you maintain moderation toward everyone.

2.   Do not slip out of this gentleness. We do not know WHEN Christ is coming; But we know He is coming.

3.   At hand – This phrase does not mean in the next few minutes or days. It is used often in the sense of the next event on God’s calendar.

(Php 4:6)  Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God;

1.   Why do Christians worry? We get anxious, nervous, tied up in knots and wring our hands as if all is hopeless and lost.

2.   We are God’s children – we have a special connection with God, our Faither. Don’t worry – Pray instead.

a.   Supplication – express your desires and wants

b.   Thanksgiving – be grateful for all that God has done and will do

c.    Make requests – Let God know your needs and your heart.

(Php 4:7)  and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.

1.   God can answer your prayers. You will have an inner peace that you will never fully understand.

2.   God will “guard, guide and direct” us.

3.   God will give peace to your heart and mind. You can rest in peace.

(Php 4:8)  Finally, brethren, whatever things are true, whatever things are noble, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there is anything praiseworthy—meditate on these things.

1.   Finally – Paul is now reaching the end of his encouragement to this church.

2.   NOTE: Preachers often say, “Finally” and then keep taking for some time. Finally often means “Lastly”. Here is my final point that I want you to know.

3.   Think about – Spend some time thinking about:

a.   Things that are true

b.   Things that are noble

c.    Things that are just

d.   Things that are pure

e.   Things that are lovely

f.     Things that are of good report

4.   Meditate on these things – Focus your mind on the list above.

5.   In the middle of our worry, stress, anxiety and focus on our problems, we forget to think about all the good things God has given us.

(Php 4:9)  The things which you learned and received and heard and saw in me, these do, and the God of peace will be with you.

1.   You learned; You received; You heard; You saw in Paul’s life.

2.   Imitate Paul as he imitated Christ.

GOD’S POWER                           4:10-13

(Php 4:10)  But I rejoiced in the Lord greatly that now at last your care for me has flourished again; though you surely did care, but you lacked opportunity.

1.   Even though Paul is in prison, he is rejoicing greatly.

a.   You cared for Paul when he came and preached in Philippi.

b.   You care for Paul even now as a prisoner in Rome.

c.    There was a time it stopped, not because they stopped caring, but because they lacked the opportunity to help.

(Php 4:11)  Not that I speak in regard to need, for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content:

1.   Paul is not hinting for more help or complaining about his needs.

2.   Paul has learned to be content in whatever situation arises.

3.   In our current world, we are not content. We want more. We want newer. We want better, nicer. The ads on TV urge us that we need the newest and latest model.

(Php 4:12)  I know how to be abased, and I know how to abound. Everywhere and in all things I have learned both to be full and to be hungry, both to abound and to suffer need.

1.   Paul learned what it means to be at the bottom of the barrel. He also knew how to enjoy great abundance.

2.   Paul had been stuffed to the gills and growling stomach empty.

3.   He knew what it meant to have plenty and to suffer need.

(Php 4:13)  I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.

1.   Whatever our situation – plenty or in need; full or hungry – our strength does not come from things, wants, desires.

2.   It is Christ who strengthens us. He is the source of our food, material things and all that we have.

3.   Christ gives us the strength to endure the hunger and appreciate the time of plenty.

GOD’S PROVISION            4:14-23

(Php 4:14)  Nevertheless you have done well that you shared in my distress.

1.   You have done well – Paul is paying then a high complement.

2.   They shared in his distress. When Paul was suffering, the Christians at Philippi suffered with him.

(Php 4:15)  Now you Philippians know also that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no church shared with me concerning giving and receiving but you only.

1.   When Paul was ready to move on from Philippi, he had no financial support EXCEPT this new church at Philippi.

2.   Paul often worked to support himself. He made tents at Ephesus and Corinth to earn funds to continue his mission work.

(Php 4:16)  For even in Thessalonica you sent aid once and again for my necessities.

1.   When he moved on the Thessalonica, the Christians at Phillipi sent several time (not just a one time gift) to help Paul.

2.   Paul was not looking for others to support a luxurious lifestyle. He was help with the things necessary to live and work.

(Php 4:17)  Not that I seek the gift, but I seek the fruit that abounds to your account.

1.   Paul knew this was not a means to get rich off the backs of other Christians.

2.   He was not looking for a free ride, or a handout.

3.   He was glad that their gift was on the heavenly account. God knows.

(Php 4:18)  Indeed I have all and abound. I am full, having received from Epaphroditus the things sent from you, a sweet-smelling aroma, an acceptable sacrifice, well pleasing to God.

1.   Adam Clarke writes, “ Alluding to the sacrifices offered up under the law. With what ye have done to me, his servant, God is well pleased.”

2.   They were not sending him expensive ointments. It was the fact that their gifts were like the incense from the tabernacle. It was a sweet aroma that pleases god.

(Php 4:19)  And my God shall supply all your need according to His riches in glory by Christ Jesus.

1.   Just as the Philippians met the needs of Paul, God will meet your needs.

2.   God is richer. He can give you all that you need in this life.

(Php 4:20)  Now to our God and Father be glory forever and ever. Amen.

1.   We now come to the end of the letter. He asks that God be glorified.

2.   To God belongs the praise for all the gifts we have received.

3.   Amen – This word means “So be it” or “May it be so.” We often hear this word at the end of a prayer. It is often used in the NT at the beginning and middle of Paul’s letters.

(Php 4:21)  Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brethren who are with me greet you.

1.   Greetings are sent to every saint.

2.   And – the brethren that are with Paul send their greetings.

(Php 4:22)  All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesar's household.

1.   The Christians in Rome send greetings.

2.   Even some Christians among Caesar’s household.

3.   There is some speculation that those in the house of Caesar does not mean his family.

4.   Most think these Christians are workers or servants in the house or government workers that have been in contact with Paul.

(Php 4:23)  The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

1.   Paul closes with a normal close.

2.   May God’s grace be with you all.

3.   AMEN.